The Chicago Manual of Style/Turabian citation style has two different methods for citation:
- Notes and bibliography style is common in the humanities, including literature, history and the arts.
- Author-date style is common in the physical, natural and social sciences.
Chicago/Turabian, Why Two Names?
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Chicago Manual (CMOS) is primarily intended as a style guide for published works.
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Turabian, "largely based on CMOS with some slight alterations and additions", is for student papers.
Purdue Online Writing Lab